Love is a Bitch in Amores Perros Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Love is a Bitch in Amores Perros - Term Paper Example The film is definitely not an oversimplified scrutinize of the Mexican culture. Or maybe it is a disclosure of the human instinct with every one of its frailties, quickly complemented by the fast social changes and a consistent weakening of social qualities. Loves Perros portrays the darker side of the contemporary Mexican culture and pokes the watchers to consider its upsetting and uncalled for elements. The film is set in the cutting edge Mexico City. The all inclusive intrigue of the film could be ascribed to its illustrative portrayal of the ideas of broken families and selling out, the subjects which will in general be normal to the vast majority of the advanced societies, social orders and developments (Flynn 35). The egotistical and insensitive inclinations of the characters in the film offer something to identify with practically the entirety of its contemporary watchers, independent of the spot or nation which they live in. The agony of Mexico City as appeared in the film is the inescapable predicament of present day social orders. Story Amores Perros is a film woven around the narratives of three characters that are Octavio, Daniel and El Chivo, which in a way speak to a microcosm of the contemporary, white collar class, Mexican residential scene. The family life of all the three characters is appeared to have a consistent idea of double dealing going through them. Octavio adores his sister-in-law Susana. He wins cash by fiddling with illicit canine battling. Daniel forsakes his better half and girl, to get into a relationship with an acclaimed model Valeria. El Chivo neglects to impart an ordinary family life to his little girl Maru as a result of being in a correctional facility. In the whole three stories one runs over interruption of family connections, treachery of closeness and trust and displaying of since quite a while ago treasured social and residential qualities. The focal characters in the story are delineated as attempting to squeeze out a superior life for themselves, however though through faulty and capricious methods. The story brings up numerous issues with respect to whether the deceitfulness of the three focal characters is the carefully close to home marrow of their bones or are their lives defenselessly stewing in the bigger bubbling pot of an age and times where accomplishment is about cash just, magnificence is essentially about looks and family life is about comfort, advantage and shallowness? The characters in the film perceivably reveal an unmistakable disassociation and fluctuation among feeling and thought, achievement and genuineness, closeness and loyalty and end and means, which strikingly appear to be okay and ordinary in the encompassing social scene (Podalsky, 148). This appearing commonality of the things is what is irregular and degenerate. Class Depictions and Related Social Themes In the film, the lower white collar class is delineated as being restricted and obliged without anyone else emb raced and socially fortified generalizations, which praise securing, road savvy and corruption. In such a financial situation, all the streets appear to prompt a thought of accomplishment that is additionally an impasse in itself. It invests its followers with all the guaranteed treats, yet brutally grabs a lot of that is straightforward, open and innocuous. The ghetto life in the contemporary Mexico is appeared as being defaced by previous recognitions, where the people boldly feel advocated and okay to showcase the jobs that are esteemed and supported by their social atmosphere. It is a male commanded society where the young ladies are both the subject and object of crude desire, meriting a high money related,

Coffee Crisis Essay

Presentation Stephen Quinlan and Jose Gomez-Ibanez portrays, in Å"The Coffee Crisis , that in 2004 the administrations of espresso delivering nations were thinking about how to react to fast decrease to espresso costs. In 2001, espresso costs hit a forty-year low, which brought about extraordinary hardships for the nearby cultivating networks. On that note, this decrease in espresso costs was considered Å"the espresso emergency.  The espresso emergency came to be thanks to some degree to espressos, under-utilization and oligopoly showcase structure. Universal Nature and Structure. Best case scenario, espresso ought to be developed in a zone with a warm atmosphere and a plenitude of downpour. Espresso is halfway become close to the equator; be that as it may, it is fundamentally expended in the northern side of the equator. It is exchanged 60-kilo sacks and the yearly harvest surpassed 100 million packs lately. Å"In 2003, for instance, 101 million packs were created of which about 95 million sacks were devoured and the staying 6 million added to capacity with expectations of bringing more significant expenses in later years (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, p. 1, 2004). Espresso is comes in two kinds: Arabica, which is milder in flavor, and Robusta, which is acidic. Robusta, which is developed in Asia and a few nations in Africa, is simpler to develop and is essentially used to make moment espresso, coffee and nearby utilization in the creating nations (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, p. 2, 2004). Arabica, which is developed essentially Latin America makes up, generally, 66% of the espresso delivered and is the longest to create. The long creation time starts with a multi year term before the espresso seedling can tolerate organic product followed by a few additional prior years arriving at full creation (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, p. 2, 2004). Gracefully and Demand Analysis There was a fast reduction in espresso utilization because of an expansion in soda pop utilization. In the U. S. , it is assessed that espresso utilization tumbled from 36 gallons to 17 gallons for each individual and soda pops expanded from 23 to 53 gallons for each individual (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, p. 2, 2004). As U. S. espresso utilization started to back off during the 1990s, due to some extent to the expanded jumping at the chance to premium espressos to Starbucks, Petes and other espresso chains, European espresso utilization expanded alongside different nations helping counterbalance the U. S decrease. Starting in 1962, the International Coffee Organization (ICO), a relationship of espresso sending out and bringing in nations, dealt with the espresso advertise by arranging trading and import amounts to help target costs (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, p. 3, 2004). The ICA crumbled in 1989 and this opened the entryway for non-customary providers like Vietnam and conventional provider Brazil. During this period, Brazil had consistently been the universes biggest espresso maker, developing Arabica by customary work serious strategies in ice inclined territories (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, p. 3, 2004). Since most Arabica espresso is developed on steep inclines, Brazilians used new ranches on leveled ground; grew new enormous scope espresso estates in less ice inclined regions, mechanical reapers alongside other cost-slicing gadgets to supplant jackasses by they way they produce espresso. Vietnam, who had never traded espresso through government help, had the option to fabricate water system frameworks to help in the creation of Robusta espresso beans (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, p. 3, 2004). These beans delivered in Vietnam had a low quality, less tasty and were handled at settle for the status quo than conventional Arabica. Inside two or three years Vietnam had become a top provider and was setting the cost in which all other Robusta makers would need to contend. Before the decade's over, Vietnam had become the biggest Robusta maker on the planet, despite the fact that its expenses were ascending as the fast development in the Vietnamese economy was expanding neighborhood salary and wages (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, p. 3, 2004). Market Structure The general espresso showcase took after that of an oligopoly, which is characterized as Å"a advertise commanded by a couple of huge makers of homogeneous or separated item. In light of what a small number of exist, oligopolies had significant power over their costs, yet each must think about the conceivable response of opponents to its own valuing, yield, and promoting decisions  (McConnell, Brue and Flynn, 2012, p. 223). Oligopolies are additionally described by hindrances to showcase passage (McConnell, Brue and Flynn, 2012). In spite of the fact that there were numerous nations creating and trading espresso, the market was to a great extent commanded by a couple of nations (I. e. , Brazil, Colombia, and later on, Vietnam). Oligopoly, by its very nature, limits straightforwardness in the commercial center. Inside ten years this nation developed from a generally immaterial maker to the world second biggest in front of Colombia (creating ~11 million sacks representing 10% world fare) yet behind Brazil (delivering ~35 million packs representing 35% world fare) creating great more than 11 million sacks every year and representing around 12% of world fares (CRB, 2006). Factor Markets From the ICA breakdown delivering Vietnams entrance into the espresso market to the quality debasement, the espresso emergency influenced something other than the market. With a drop in espresso costs, the ranchers not having the option to take care of the entirety of their expenses so cultivators families many needed to evacuate their children so as to assist at the homestead (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, 2004). There was the converging of espresso mixes and the experimentation of better approaches for making low quality espresso beans with an end goal to satisfy needs. Therefore a significant number of the beans were of low quality, which made the espressos modest. Moreover, such an expansion in low-quality beans makes the value drop so as to stay serious (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, p.3, 2004). Many significant roasters tried different things with specialized advances in finding better approaches to cover the harshness of the acidic bean. They even went similarly as joining Robusta and Arabica beans together. This line of creation made the cost of espresso decline, which hurt numerous makers in light of the fact that the benefits werent enough to cover the vast majority of their overhead (about 65-90 US pennies for every pound) (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, Exhibit 6, 2004). This made the nature of espresso lessen on the grounds that numerous roasters were utilizing beans that ought to have been disposed of. It additionally caused nations whose expenses were high (Central America, Colombia and Mexico) with normal or lower quality espresso to be in a tough situation (Quinlan and Gomez-Ibanez, 2004). Reference: Commodity Research Bureau (CRB). (2006). The CRB Commodity Yearbook 2006. [eBook] Retrieved from http://books. google. com/books? id=GmzxkvNhxnIC&printsec=frontcover McConnell, C. R. , Brue, S. L. , and Flynn, S. M. (2012). Compensation Determination. Financial aspects (nineteenth ed. ), (pp92-114). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Quinlan, S. and Gomez-Ibanez, J. (2004). The Coffee Crisis. Capella University. McGraw-Hill.

How Lupus Can Cause Bipolar-Like Mood Symptoms

How Lupus Can Cause Bipolar-Like Mood Symptoms Bipolar Disorder Print How Lupus Can Cause Bipolar-Like Mood Symptoms By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on November 23, 2019 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on January 21, 2020 Ghislain Marie David de Lossy/Getty Images More in Bipolar Disorder Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment In This Article Table of Contents Expand Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment View All Back To Top Systemic lupus erythematosus (also known as lupus or SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that can cause chronic disease in different parts of the body. While the exact mechanisms for lupus are unknown, the condition ultimately represents an immune system gone awry, attacking normal cells it mistakenly sees as dangerous. The central nervous system is just one of the targets of this autoimmune response. When it happens, it can manifest with psychiatric symptoms that are strikingly similar to bipolar disorder. While the symptoms of the two disorders overlap (as do the drugs used to treat them), SLE and bipolar are in no way related. Despite popular belief, SLE does not cause bipolar disorder. On the other hand, SLE is sometimes misdiagnosed as bipolar disorder. When this happens, a person may be exposed to unnecessary and inappropriate treatment. Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Lupus When lupus affects the central nervous system, it can cause a variety of symptoms, both neurological and psychiatric. We refer to this condition as neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Symptoms can range from mild to severe and include:?? HeadachesMood disorders, including depression and bipolar-type symptomsMemory lossLoss of cognitive functionTremors, tics, and involuntary movementClumsiness or unsteady gaitSeizuresBlurred visionHearing and speech problemsConfusion and deliriumTingling, numbness, burning, and painful nerve sensationsStroke NPSLE affects 80â€"90% of people with lupus, most frequently manifesting as headaches, depression, and general cognitive decline. NPSLE is considered a serious complication that leads to a reduced quality of life and an increased illness. Current research suggests NPSLE is associated with a nearly ten-fold increase in mortality compared to people in the general population.?? Causes Rather than having one specific cause, NPLSE is due to a combination of factors including immune dysfunction, hormonal irregularities, vascular inflammation, and direct damage to nervous tissue.?? Even drug side effects may contribute to the symptoms. Moreover, the protective layer which surrounds the brain, called the blood-brain  barrier, can be disrupted by lupus, allowing toxins to penetrate and damage neural tissue. Some of the symptoms of NPLSE may also be related to a condition called demyelinating syndrome in which the autoimmune response gradually strips away the myelin sheath (think of it as the insulating cover) of a nerve.?? Depending on where this occurs, it can trigger a variety of sensory, cognitive, and visual problems. Diagnosis Because it is difficult to distinguish between the various causes of NPSLE (including independent psychiatric disorders), there is no gold standard for diagnosis. As such, diagnosis is typically made by exclusion, exploring all other possible causes including infection, coincidental disease, and even drug side effects.?? This is made on a case-by-case basis under the direction of a specialist experienced in NPSLE. If demyelination syndrome is suspected, tests may be performed to confirm the presence of autoimmune antibodies (autoantibodies) associated with myelin damage. Treatment Typically speaking, the medications used to treat psychiatric and mood disorders may also be used to treat the psychiatric symptoms of lupus. In the event of severe NPSLE, treatment will be focused on the use of medications that suppress and moderate the autoimmune response. Options include high-dose corticosteroids (such as prednisone or dexamethasone with intravenous cyclophosphamide). Other standard treatments include rituximab, intravenous immunoglobulin (antibody) therapy, or plasmapheresis (plasma dialysis). Mild to moderate symptoms may be treated with oral azathioprine or mycophenolate.?? Its important to note, however, that high doses of corticosteroids may exacerbate mood disorders and, in rare cases, lead to psychosis. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Thomas Jefferson and the Embargo Act of 1807

The Embargo Act of 1807 was an attempt by President Thomas Jefferson and the U.S. Congress to prohibit  American ships from trading in foreign ports. It was intended to punish Britain and France for interfering with American trade while the two major European powers were at war with each other. The embargo was precipitated  primarily by Napoleon Bonapartes 1806 Berlin Decree, which announced that neutral ships carrying British-made goods were subject to seizure by France, thus exposing American ships to attacks by privateers. Then, a year later, sailors from the USS Chesapeake were forced into service  by officers from the British ship HMS Leopard. That was the final straw. Congress passed the Embargo Act in December 1807 and Jefferson signed it into law on December 22, 1807. The president hoped that the act would prevent a war between the United States and Britain. At the same time, Jefferson saw it as a way to keep ships as military resources out of harms way, buy time for the preservation, and signify (after the Chesapeake event) that the U.S. recognized that a war was in the future. Jefferson also saw it as a way to cease non-productive war-profiteering which was undermining the coveted but never achieved goal of American autarky—economic independence from Britain and other economies. Perhaps inevitably, the Embargo Act was also a precursor to the War of 1812. Effects  of the Embargo Economically, the embargo devastated American shipping exports and cost the American economy about 8 percent in decreased gross national product in 1807. With the embargo in place, American exports declined by 75%, and imports declined by 50%—the act did not completely eliminate trade and domestic partners. Before the embargo, exports to the United States reached $108 million. One year later, they were just over $22 million. Yet Britain and France, locked in the Napoleonic Wars, were not greatly damaged by the loss of trade with Americans. So the embargo intended to punish Europes greatest powers instead negatively impacted ordinary Americans. Although the western states in the Union were relatively unaffected, as they had at that point little to trade, other parts of the country were hit hard. Cotton growers in the South lost their British market entirely. Merchants in New England were the hardest hit. In fact, discontent was so widespread there that there was serious talk by local political leaders of seceding from the Union, decades before the  Nullification Crisis  or the  Civil War. Jeffersons Presidency Another result of the embargo was that smuggling increased across the border with Canada, and smuggling by ship also became prevalent. So the law was both ineffective and difficult to enforce. Many of those weaknesses were addressed by a number of amendments and new acts written by Jeffersons Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin (1769–1849), passed by Congress, and signed into law by the president: but the president himself essentially ceased active support on his own after signaling his decision to not seek a third term in office in December 1807. Not only would the embargo taint Jeffersons presidency, making him fairly unpopular by its end, but the economic effects also didnt fully reverse themselves until the end of the War of 1812. End of the Embargo The embargo was repealed by Congress early in 1809, just days before the end of Jeffersons presidency. It was replaced by a less restrictive piece of legislation, the Non-Intercourse Act, which prohibited trade with Britain and France. The newer law was no more successful than the Embargo Act had been, and relations with Britain continued to fray until, three years later, President James Madison obtained a declaration of war from Congress and the War of 1812 began. Sources and Further Reading Frankel, Jeffrey A. The 1807–1809 Embargo against Great Britain. The Journal of Economic History 42.2 (1982): 291–308.Irwin, Douglas A. The Welfare Cost of Autarky: Evidence from the Jeffersonian Trade Embargo, 1807–09. Review of International Economics 13.4 (2005): 631–45.Mannix, Richard. Gallatin, Jefferson, and the Embargo of 1808. Diplomatic History 3.2 (1979): 151–72.Spivak, Burton. Jeffersons English Crisis: Commerce, Embargo, and the Republican Revolution. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1979.

The Concept Of Narcissism And Its Elements - 2720 Words

Chapter 3: Methodology This qualitative research has taken an analytical approach, aiming to reduce the concept of narcissism to its elements and to study in detail how one’s own image construction is represented in a digital environment, incorporating the phenomenon of the selfie culture. Qualitative research, being rich, multi- dimensional and complex (Alasuutari, P., 1995) allows the in- depth exploration of the rhetoric of the self and the self- constructs in a technoculture and makes sense of the phenomenon of the human- machine connection and the creation of virtual realities that bears problematical ideas of digital narcissism. The position that this research has taken is a constructivist epistemological as it provides an adaptive,†¦show more content†¦The field of Internet studies, a rapidly- developing area, requires rethinking of the research methods. By the use of qualitative online ethnography the experiences and the reality that lead to the creation of particular subjectivitie s through constructing oneself online as opposed to others was examined. In itself this project is a qualitative research about self- disinhibition and self- construction in a digital environment and selfie culture and therefore the attention needs to be put on a multitude of grounded ideas, meanings, symbols and social practices, which digital ethnography can provide (Hine C. 2000). By answering the questions, how do social media affects the organisation of social relationships and what are the implications for authenticity, authority and representation as well as how identities are performed and experienced would help for the full understanding of the phenomenon of the alienation of the human and the problematic relationship with technology. Digital, virtual methods as opposed to more traditional methods can also make a distinction between the online and the offline and validate any possible boundaries between the two, which is what this project was aiming to do. In a nutshell, the applied netnography is: â€Å"participant- observational research based in online fieldwork. It uses computer- mediated communication as a source of data to arrive at the ethnographic understanding and representation of a cultural

What are the most important considerations Free Essays

INTRODUCTION Multimedia, which is in essence a presentation of information that includes multiples media, is becoming a very important medium in learning. Multimedia learning materials have soared since the growth of internet. Yet its effective must rely on the design was tailored to cater specific audiences. We will write a custom essay sample on What are the most important considerations? or any similar topic only for you Order Now PURPOSE The purpose of this document is to present the most important considerations when designing a multimedia material for adult learners. This document also further explains these considerations. IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS Overview of Considerations When designing multimedia materials for adult learners, the following important considerations should be taken into account (Lieb, 1991): 1) Adults are autonomous and self-directed. 2) Adults have accumulated a foundation of life experiences and knowledge that may include work-related activities, family responsibilities, and previous education. Generally these are established values, beliefs, and opinions. 3) Â  Adults are goal oriented 4) Â  Adults are relevance oriented and practical 5) Â  Adults should be respected Other minor factors which are not very common to all includes, low level literacy, lacking in confidence and displaying a higher level of anxiety towards academic tasks, limited problem-solving and critical thinking skills, and little or no computer-related skills. Autonomous and Self-directed Adult learners tend to be autonomous and self-directed. Thus a multimedia learning material should have the alternatives that may fit the interest of adult learners. It should not be limiting in options but rather acts as guide or facilitating control. Adults can direct themselves to specific areas of interest at a time to achieve the most efficient learning. Established Values, Beliefs, Knowledge and Opinions Adult learners experience in life has formed established values, beliefs, and opinions. Thus a multimedia learning material should take into account that new ideas and principles should be explained carefully and explicitly. The explanation should connect these ideas and principles to the established values, beliefs and opinions in order for them to understand. Otherwise they might misunderstood it and think that these are not in accordance with their previous knowledge. Goal Oriented Adults are goal oriented so that they should have a purpose in every module or chapter. The multimedia learning material should clear the objective at the start. Without a goal, adult learners tend to loose their interest because to them life experience has taught them that life is all about goals. The multimedia learning material should provide them an organized layout of the content at the start. Relevance oriented and Practical Adult learners seek relevance of studies in their daily lives. They need to understand the practical purpose of these lessons. Thus multimedia learning materials should relate the ideas to real world scenarios where they offer a certain level of use. Respect The most important to all of this is respect. Multimedia learning materials should not try to break the respect by overdoing with jokes to ignite interest. CONCLUSION Multimedia products should take into consideration the that adult learners are autonomous, have establish values and opinions, goal oriented, relevance oriented, practical and needs respect in order for these products to be effective. References Lieb, S (1991). Principles of Adult Learning. Retrieved from the BALS website: http://balsontheweb.wikispaces.com/Adult+Learning?responseToken=a02492aded209b11678103756fc3f32b , January 17, 2007 How to cite What are the most important considerations?, Essay examples

Pathophysiology Of Cancer Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Pathophysiology Of Cancer. Answer: Succinctly discuss the pathophysiology of cancer: Tumors in general Pathophysiology refers to the changes that occur in an organ resulting into signs and symptoms which alter daily activities of living. Cancer refers to the uncontrolled growth of cells within an organ, which can result in metastasis or remain benign; which depends on the aggressiveness of the cancer. Role of oncogenes, apoptosis, ell cycle and tumor suppressor gene Cancers are caused by oncogenes which are products of mutation and are expressed in increased levels. Apoptosis is a mechanism which gets rid of altered cells during the cell cycle and normal aged cells which have served their purposes, an alteration during this process which likely results from oncogenes, then the cells destined for destruction survive the process, and they are allowed to replicate and multiply causing disruption to the normal physiologic process eventually causing cancer (Baar. M, 2017) Another factor responsible for the development of cancer is the tumor suppressor gene; a gene that protects the cell from cancer. It contributes to development of cancer if it fails or if it is impaired; however if it is fully viable, then the cells are safe. Also an alteration in the cell cycle, which is a process that results in cell division and duplication of DNA, can cause cancer in that the products of the cell cycle can be mutated and distorted leading to their accumulation or the process of apoptosis can be altered(Wang X, 2015) All of these four factors play a major role in the pathophysiology of cancer The pathophysiology of colorectal cancer in relation to the results Moderately differentiated Adenocarcinoma grade three Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma refers to colorectal cancer which results from cells in the glands that line the colon and the rectum and metastasis slowly (Asare, 2016) This type of cancer results from over growth of cells in the mucus producing glands lining the colon, this overgrowth can be as a result of the following factors altered tumor suppressor gene, overexpressed oncogenes, a faulted apoptosis process or alterations in the cell cycle, which results in the production of altered cellular DNA leading to the accumulation of defaulted cells (White, 2015). One of these factors is enough to cause the uncontrolled cell proliferation, if other factors predisposing to cancer are present or the four factors can work together augmenting each other, despite the involvement of other predisposing factors such as lifestyle, and environmental factors (Cerada, 2017) The uncontrolled growth of cells in the glands that line the mucosa of the colon result in the formation of a tumor in the colon, the growth results in the impaired movement of food within the colon resulting into, impaired bowel movements, constipation, nausea, blood stained-stool weight loss and back pains associated with the extensive growth of the tumor. A grade 3 moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma implies that the tumor is a high grade cancer, which is growing and spreading very fast. Signs and symptoms will worsen as the cancer grows and response to treatment is not very good; however in some cases the treatment may work (Cerada, 2017) Discus one chemotherapeutic agents available for Betty Bettys diagnosis shows that her cancer is a high grade cancer, which implies that it will spread and grow more quickly than anticipated; the diagnosis also shows that the probability to respond to treatment compared to that of not responding to treatment is 1:1. One of the chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of colorectal cancer is Capecitabine, it is sold under the trade name Xeloda. Capecitabine is taken orally after/ within 30 minutes of taking a meal. The drug belongs to the class of fluoropyrimidines and once ingested and it is in the system it is converted to 5-fluorouracil which is its active form. 5-Fu inhibits synthesis of DNA through inhibition of the synthesis of thymidine monophosphate from a thymidilate synthase inhibitor, which is the active from of the drug, 5-Fu (Z, 2014) Pharmacokinetics Capecitabine is metabolized by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase enzyme Side effects and contraindications This drug has the following side effects, elevated liver enzymes, fatigue, rash and itching, low blood cell count abdominal pain and hand and foot syndrome. This drug is contraindicated in pregnancy, hepatic impairment, and hypersensitivity to fluorouracil, DPD deficiency, severe leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, hair loss, edema, dermatitis, stomatitis, myelosupression and indigestion. Patients receiving treatment with sorivudine or its analogues are contraindicated from taking capecitabine (Twelves, 2009) Drug interactions Capecitabine has drug interactions with the following medications Phenytoin; it increases its plasma concentration, calcium folinate enhances its therapeutic effects and worsens diarrhea, warfarin and other coumarin-derived anticoagulants, and drugs with CYP2C9 substrates (Twelves, 2009) Bibliography Asare, E. A. (2016). The imapact of stage,grade and mucinous histology on the efficacy of systemic chemotherapy in adenocarcinomas Baar. M, P. (2017). targeted apoptosis of senescent cells restore tissue homeostasis in response to chemotoxicity and aging. Cerada, I. m. (2017, january 19). A general overview and future perspective of colorectal cancer. (W. C.-s. cho, Ed.) internal journal. Twelves, B. a. (2009). capecitabine in colorectal cancer. future medicine(1475-0708). Wang X. (2015). protection against tumor growth beyond effect on cell cycle and apoptosis. White. (2015). role of autophagy in cancer. journal of clinical investigation. Z, d. A.-D. (2014, january). pharmacokinetics and exposure-effect relationship of capecitabine in elederly patients with breast and colorectal cancer. caner chemotherapy and phamacology, 73(6), 1285-1293.